Criminal Justice Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Criminal Justice - Assignment Example Compared to other normal criminals, "chronic" offenders had an average of eight times more convictions for property offenses and six times more convictions for violent crimes (OLA). Chronic offenders may not keep any sympathy towards the victim while they execute their crime. They will execute their missions in a professional manner. Sympathy or relationships may not prevent chronic criminals from their illegal activities. Rules and social norms may not have much influence on chronic offenders. Chronic offenders are not circumstantial criminals, but they are diseased persons. Circumstantial criminals always engage in criminal activities because of the circumstances in which they happen to be. On the other hand chronic offenders engage in criminal activities irrespective of the circumstances. Apart from the sociological and psychological reasons, the major reasons for chronic offenses are bitter childhood experiences, bitter experiences from the beloved ones, struggle to find a livelihood, drug or alcohol addiction etc. A chronic offender is one way or other taking revenge upon the society for his ill fate. Such offenders perceive the society and its setup or norms responsible for the mishaps faced by them. Chronic offenders might feel certain things as their basic right. For example, Sex maniacs visualize the opposite sex as an instrument to be used. They never bother about the rights of others and they give first and last priority to their wellbeing only. The needs and rights of others don’t have much influence in their activities. Inborn traits or life experiences might have devised such deviant mind set among the chronic offenders. As mentioned earlier, chronic offenders are sociopaths or psychopaths. Psychopaths are unstoppable and untreatable human beings. They always engage in planned, purposeful and emotionless criminal activities (What Is a Psychopath?). Sociopaths are less dangerous compared to psychopaths.

Defining blackness in America Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Defining blackness in America - Essay Example in order to differentiate blacks from white. The racial line has always put blacks at a distance and hindered them from participating in American culture and politics. It is what has kept African Americans from being given equal opportunities in the U.S., being seen as citizens in the U.S., and being seen as humans in the U.S. Blackness is the best way to explain this complicated relationship African Americans share with America and the whites that they live alongside in this country. There used to be a strong argument in America that being black could affect one’s access to power. There, was an argument that being black was a disadvantage, and that an individual you would be limited in what you could accomplish simply based on the color of your skin. These perceptions would hold true in the past America, but in the modern day America, power is more accessible to people of all races, including African Americans. The argument that African Americans cannot get ahead because of t heir color is more of a crutch than something is which is factual. Like Toure stated in his book, â€Å"Who’s Afraid of Post-Blackness†, we are going an era where there are so many different ways to be black that nobody has to keep up some pre-conceived black image because, honestly, there is not one (Toure 48). One common perception prevalent among man is that, generally, other people view them based on their physical appearance. This type of perception falls into the psychological concept that Toure refers to as the looking glass self in his book â€Å"Who’s Afraid of Post-Blackness†. This states that people perceive themselves based on the way that their peers perceive them, which leads people to reinforce other people's perspectives of them (Toure 47). Naturally, people want to portray a certain type of image. When you think of individuals who are in power, you typically think of someone who is white and who is male. This is why some believe that blac ks who have skin light tones are more likely to be in power than dark skinned African Americans. This color complex has not only shaped the way white Americans view African Americans, but also the way African Americans view other African Americans. A lot of emphasis has been placed on skin color to the extent that, individuals opt for doing anything, to get an appearance that has the impression of taking them to the threshold of becoming successful. The further one strays away from this image the more challenging it becomes for them to have the illusion of power. This outdated view of politics is not a part of how it works anymore. Money, class and contacts fuel the realm of politics and have the say over who gets to be in power and who does not. Being light or dark does not really control how you fit in this modern day political atmosphere (Toure 47). Being light-skinned or dark-skinned does not really control how you fit in this modern day political atmosphere. We are entering an age where people at the top come in all races and nationalities. The journey to this position, however, has not been without its struggles and perils. Black people in America have had to deal with classism and sexism from within, on top of racism from without. African American women have borne the brunt of this in particular with mental and physical oppression from both white and African American males (Bharati 37). Blackness for the African American

The benefits of using the Smart Phones Assignment

The benefits of using the Smart Phones - Assignment Example In addition, the report has some visual effects that would enable the audience to clearly understand its content. Abstract The use of smartphones is the latest world trend with people of different ages opting to adopt the use of these gadgets in their everyday lives. This is because smart phones assist in informal learning, distance learning, increase quality and efficiency in health care, increase voter participations in elections, and also increased professional engagement in work. However, the use of smart phones has some disadvantages such as reduced social life and access to obscene adult content from the internet by teenagers. In general, the use of smart phones has played an important role in making the world a better and comfortable place to leave in. Benefits of Using Smartphones 1. Introduction Mobile phones and smartphones are both used with the primary function of being able to make and receive phone calls and send and receive text messages, but the smartphone has certain qualities that distinguish it from any usual mobile phones. Smartphones have additional features such as online gaming, online video watching, route tracking, GPS system and several other added features, which differentiate it from other usual mobile phones and, are more preferred than mobile phones. ... The research center further figured out that there are various benefits that can be obtained through smartphones, and these benefits are the primary reason for the high demand of smartphones in the US. Smartphones are not limited to the access of adults; they are even owned and used by several teenagers and the younger generation. Smartphones have gained immense popularity among the youth population because of the several benefits offered by these phones. On one end are those who propose that smartphones are a smart invention and are assisting the society in several ways; on the other end are those who are against the use of smartphones due to various negative effects associated with these phones. This writing will focus on the argument of whether the smartphones are beneficial for the society or not while defending the stance that smartphones have several more benefits to offer than costs. The writing will especially focus on the benefits offered by smartphones to both the adult as well as the youth population. Smartphones benefit both the adults and the youth in obtaining both formal as well as informal educations. They have become a major tool of in distance learning. They are used by users to satisfy their personal need, helps employees in remaining involved with their businesses, are assisting in increasing the efficiency and effectiveness of health care services, and are elevating the quality of health care, and can even help in increasing voter turnout during different elections. 2. Background The development of Smart phones evolved from the traditional mobile phones. Though both of them perform nearly the same functions, the Smart phones are

Mathematical Tasks Math Problem Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Mathematical Tasks - Math Problem Example which is 4. Then we have 14 x 4 -= 56cm Similarly, CD = 15 x 4 = 60 cm The perimeter of CDE then becomes 60+52+56 = 168cm Measurement as a mathematical object is also very necessary in this mathematical task where the measurement units are given in centimeters. Mathematical process like connection where mathematic ideas interconnect and build on one another to produce a coherent whole has highly been applied on this task. Mathematical processes like representation is also very important as it helps the learner to organize, record, and communicate mathematical ideas. Geometric reasoning. (ii) Chapter 3 is about geometric reasoning. Basing on task 3.3.3 the following mathematical task has been formulated. B A C To construct a circle inside the triangle to touch the side of the triangle which is generally termed as an inscribed circle, then there is a lot of geometry involved (Bates, 1979). This can be done as follows: - (a) Bisection of angle BAC and extending the bisecting line to a point, p. (b) Bisecting the angle ACB and extending the bisector to a point, m. Where the two bisecting lines meet, say point O, becomes the centre of the circle. With a pair of compasses, you pin at the meeting point of the two lines and draw a circle that touches the vertices of the triangle ABC. This is what is called an inscribed circle. This can be shown in fig,1.2 below: - B o A C Measurement as a mathematical tool is highly used here. The length of the sides of the triangle can be measured as well as the radius of the inscribed circle. Reasoning and proof are mathematical processes that are also applied on this mathematical task. It is only...A mathematical task like the one below entails many more mathematical objects apart from geometry because algebra can also be involved. Measurement as a mathematical object is also very necessary in this mathematical task where the measurement units are given in centimeters. Mathematical process like connection where mathematic ideas interconnect and build on one another to produce a coherent whole has highly been applied on this task. Mathematical processes like representation is also very important as it helps the learner to organize, record, and communicate mathematical ideas. Measurement as a mathematical tool is highly used here. The length of the sides of the triangle can be measured as well as the radius of the inscribed circle. Reasoning and proof are mathematical processes that are also applied on this mathematical task. It is only through concrete reasoning and proofing what you reason by for example bisecting the angles that one comes to see that the circle touches the sides of the triangle but not the vertices. Use of mathematical tools like a pair of compasses, calculators and rulers has also been highly applied to solve this mathematical task. Mathematics thinking and language is highly exercised and mathematics ideas expressed precisely. (iii) In chapter 4 which is

Electronic commerce and application Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Electronic commerce and application - Assignment Example This paper explores the existing debate between first-mover and follower firms to study the impact of each of them. The synthesis of the existing literature points out that the first-mover advantage in e-commerce comes from both the customer and the producer side. It has been documented that the first-mover firms have an opportunity to obtain greater knowledge about customers and securing their trust. Works of researchers like Reichheld and Schefter (2000) had comprehensively pointed out the advantages that accrue to the producers on account of FMA. Another recurrent factor in the academic discussions is the higher market share that results from the FMA. They suggested affiliate relationships, establishing partnership with major portals and increasing access to financial resources as the major advantages (Barney, 1991). One of the major examples of firms using e-commerce for growth is Netflix which has introduced features like personalization tools and recommendations systems as a useful mechanism to differentiate between customers in the rental business. Similarly, e-bay had also banked on the e -tailing technology to rapidly expand its set of buyers and sellers. Despite the advantages that can be earned from the FMA, several researchers have also shown that follower firms can also gain a number of advantages by replicating the efforts of the leading firms (Suarez and Utterback, 2007). For instance, the research of Golder and Tellis (1993) had shown that late movers can easily become free riders on the first-movers allowing them to obtain similar knowledge regarding buyer education and enhanced security in transactions. Other researchers like Suarez and Utterback (2007) have shown that late movers can have additional advantages as the market uncertainties and technological drawbacks are removed by the time they enter. Finally, factors like customer satisfaction and customer needs can only be comprehended after a certain time span has elapsed proving

Toxic PCs Essay Example for Free

Toxic PCs Essay Computer hardware can contain a variety of toxic and hazardous materials. Today I’m going to talk about these kinds of materials and why they are toxic to our environment. I’m going to discuss the locations of disposed electronics and how it is done. When consumers donate old televisions and monitors to recyclers those companies should dispose of them in a manner that doesn’t harm the environment. Stockpiling monitors is hazardous to the environment. This is because the glass could easily break and the lead which is a neurotoxin material enters the soil and ground water. One of the major environmental impacts of dumping computers into landfills is due to the fact that the solder used in the components of the circuit boards is comprised of a tin-lead alloy and over time the lead can leach from the solder. Usually the lead, which is a toxic substance, finds its way into the drinking water (Warren, Scott) There are different type of companies that recycle electronics in different communities and some of them are nonprofit companies you just donate your computer to them for example there is this company in Michigan it is called Responsible Electronics Recycling they recycle computer the right way breaking computers into small particles and removing all the toxic material from getting into our environment. The role of disposing electronic has a great advantage because when monitors get recycled the right way they can be reused again for goods. The Responsible Electronic Recycling Company says: Our mission is to inspire our community to live and work in a sustainable manner. This mission is accomplished by providing environmentally responsible electronics recycling and green job training for at-risk youth and challenged adults. 100% of proceeds generated go toward community service programs that focus on education and environmental initiatives (Responsible Electronic Recycling). And this is how recycling is done to these electronics. I think the technology will have an influence on our health and our environment because of all the toxic material that is used in the advanced electronics and if our air is polluted then it is going to have an effect on our health. The health effects of toxic substances and hazardous wastes are not yet fully understood. Research to better understand how these exposures may impact health is ongoing. Meanwhile, efforts to reduce exposures continue. Reducing exposure to toxic substances and hazardous wastes is fundamental to environmental health  (Geneva, Switzerland). I think if we take care of our environment meaning by not polluting the air and soil we will be able to reduce the risk of having any health problems but if we do not do so this polluted environment will lead us to have issues regarding our economy later on in the future. Therefore we need to work on educating each other and take action. Finally after looking at all the information above I think now we see why we need to think carefully when we are getting rid of an old computer or any electronic. We need to make sure that if our computer been donated to a manufacture for disposal it is going to be disposed properly and everyone should take this into consideration and practice the right way to recycle electronics. Reference Dunn, C. (2006, April). How to: Recycle Your Computer. In treehugger. Retrieved October 20, 2012, from http://www.treehugger.com/culture/how-to-recycle-your-computer.html Goneva, S. (2006, May 2). Preventing disease through healthy environment. In World Health Organization. Retrieved October 20, 2012, from http://www.healthypeople.gov/2020/topicsobjectives2020/overview.aspx?topicid=12 Warren, Scott. The Environmental Impact of Computer Disposal. Scott Warrens Blog. N.p., 22 May 2008. Web. 18 Oct. 2012. http://www.scottwarren.info/2008/05/22/the-environmental-impacts-of-computer-disposal/.

How american civil war was irrepressible

How american civil war was irrepressible INTRODUCTION The American civil war was the largest ever armed conflict to occur on Americas soil and it occurred in between the years of 1861 to 1865. It was deadly and arguably the most important event in the nations history. Sections entrenched in the constitution of the united sates Catapulted tension between the northern and the southern states leading to a brutal war. Slavery was a root cause of the conflict. This war increased Americas economic dominance until it overtook all the other countries of the world. It also lead the country into having a strong constitution that made Americans to be part of a single nation instead of a corporate made up of different states with their own rules and institutions. The war indeed changed the way Americans viewed their own nation seeing it as one nation. After the war every part of Americas national fabric changed; from the role of the federal government to the status of African Americans. The war was triggered by the victory of Abraham Lincoln in the elections of 1860. FACTORS THAT MADE THE CIVIL WAR IRREPRESSIBLE In these elections. The Republican Party led by Lincoln won, beating three other candidates. The southerners did not vote for him so his victory was seen as a northern affair. His speech, given in 1858, stated that, a divided house cannot stand and visualized that America can not endure a â€Å"half-slave and half-free.† This clearly showed that he was a moderate and was therefore not up to task, in the views of the southerners, to be able to tackle the abolitionist they perceived as a threat. He countered this by stating he will uphold the doctrine of states right. Most southerners distrusted him.. His victory in the election led to the secession of eleven southern states from the union leading to the formation of the Confederate States of America with Jefferson Davis as its president. This was viewed by the US administrators as an act of treason. Hostilities were prompted in April of 1861 when the conferderationist attacked a US military installation at fort summer in South Carolina leading to Lincoln, who had been in office for only six weeks to call for each state to volunteer an army. He declared these acts of secession as illegal and asked Congress for 500,000 soldiers to crush what threatened to be an aggressive rebellion. This lead to declaration of secession by four other states. In 1862 lincolin emancipation declaration made ending slavery in the south the goal of the war. This was the principle of abolition. As a principle it was more than just the need to limit and abolish slavery. Slavery existed in the southern states and the federal government could not intervene as the constitution did not permit. Previously most northerners had favored a gradual and compensated scheme of slave emancipation but this was rejected by 1849 where they know demanded its immediate end every where. In 1807 external slave had been abolished making slave trade to be purely internal. The Dred Scott decision effectively limited the expansion of slavery in the US but the fugitive slave act that was subsequently passed declared slaves as properties. This lead to hostilities between the southern states and the northern ones. Politicians in a bid to stem the feuds brought the compromise of 1850 and negotiated the status of territories gained after the Mexican- American war (1846-1848). This compromise was also aimed at maintaining the balance of power in Congress between leaders of slave states and those of Free states. It designated land, boundaries and processes by which a country could be slave state or a free state. Still, these compromises did not prevent divisions from growing. Opposition to the abolition movement in the south was strong due to several factors. The coexistence of the slavery south with the free states of the north was a recipe for disaster. Abraham lincolin had not proposed any laws to curb slavery and most politicians were riding on the fence. Political feuds were a bout expanding slavery to the new territories of the west so as to enhance economic security of the south. These new territories were more likely to become Free states, a move that propelled southerners to embrace secessionism. Both leaders of the north and south used Thomas Jefferson ideas listed in his Kentucky resolutions to defend there hard line positions. Slavery indeed was the chief reason for secession. The southerners used state rights as a cover for defending slavery. They used this doctrine of a states right to base many of their grievances. The Constitution aimed at taking a middle ground by juggling the notion of a federal government with the freedom of individual states to govern them. This doctrine to which the United States was founded became the basis for the South in its quest to block northerners from imposing anti-slavery laws to it. The support of seccession was correlated to the number of plantations in the south and these were the regions that had more slave owners who had more than 100 slaves. To the southerners the notion of equality with blacks coupled with loss of economic prosperity was a worrisome matter. The north and south were different as the south had an agricultural economy based on slavery while the north had an industrial economy based on free labor and was an industrial power. The fear in the south was a bout the abolitionist movement in the north that was growing stronger each day and had the potential to putting down slavery and in effect putting an end to their way of life. The constitution of 1787 provided some legal protection to the institution of slavery and also prohibited the importation of slaves after 1808. By the first half of th e nineteenth century, states north of the Mason Dixon line that is the border between Maryland and Pennsylvania began to outlaw slave labor. This lead to temperament and brewing sectional conflict leading to the Missouri compromise of 1850 where the northern leaders accepted into the Union a new slave state of Missouri, on condition that Maine, another state be a free territory. These are the major primary factors that precipitated the American civil war. CONCLUSION. The southern states were agricultural in nature. Hence they relied heavily on slavery as the main means of labor provision. This is what underpinned the high economic growth experienced by these states prior to the crush of the 1850s. Hence when the abolitionist was campaigning for equal rights and equality, these were viewed as a direct threat to there means of survival and wealth creation. The implication of slavery vibrated through the political, social and economic dimension in the relationship between the northern states and the southern states. This was the primary reason for the civil war and these factors made the slide to the civil war inevitable. REFERENCE. Nash, G,et al, â€Å"The American People, Creating a Nation and a Society Vol 1 to 1877†, sixth edition, Pearson, New York, 2008. Finlay, J.L. â€Å"Pre-Confederation Canada: The Structure of Canadian History to 1867†, Prenice Hall, Scarborough,. 1990.